Magazine Cover Terminology, Layout and Analysis

2/10/17

1. Mojo means a quality that attracts people to you and makes you successful and full of energy. This could mean that they think the quality of their magazine attracts people. It also means a magic spell. The billboard masthead means a large outdoor board that displays advertisements. Billboard also means charts in American which links to the music charts.
2. They are laid out across the top in big writing with the celebrity's heads covering part of the word.
3. The date, the name of the magazine, the name of the celebrity featured, the subheadings and the price of the magazine.
4. In the mojo magazine I think the main headline is "The songs that saved his life Nirvana" In the billboard magazine there isn't a main headline because they're all the same size. That headline appeals to the target audience because everyone knows who David Grohl is so they would want to read about him. They also know he's from Foo Fighters so people can identify the genre.
5.  In the Mojo magazine the types of coverlines are about rock artists and the ones in billboard are about pop artists like Taylor swift.
6. In the mojo magazine the fonts are quite masculine, its all a sans serif font. The billboard magazine fonts are quite feminine, a serif font is used on the words katy perry for example.
7. The graphics used are the pictures of the celebrities and the teen spirit one in the mojo magazine.
8. The colours used are quite gender specific, In the mojo magazine, its quite masculine, blue and black colours. In the Billboard magazine its quite girly colours used like pink and yellow for the flowers and a pink background.
9. There is more text on the mojo magazine, theres loads of coverlines and subtitles. This might be because rock appeals to an older target audience and they would prefer to read more. On the Billboard magazine theres not much writing and its all quite small. As its a pop magazine, the target audience is younger people so they wouldn't want as much writing and want more posters etc.
10. On the Mojo magazine there is pictures of the celebrities. The non verbal communication is like the facial expressions, Dave Grohl looks quite moody but Katy perry looks more happier, I think this is because pop music is more upbeat and happy etc.
11. The Mojo magazine is giving away a free CD maybe to promote the music and help sell the magazine.
12. Theres no menu strip in either magazine, the menu strip is normally at the bottom and tells the reader a rough idea of whats included.
13. In Mojo the genre is more rock and in Billboard the genre is pop music.
14. Mojo I think appeals more to men because of the genre and colours used and Billboard is directed more to women because of the colours, the celebrity featured and the genre.
15. Magazines appeal to their readers by writing what they want to read so the cover lines, they also appeal by the celebrities used and the look and layout of the cover.
16. In mojo I think the unique selling point is the freebie it comes with and in Billboard the layout of the front.

In depth study- Mojo

L/o: To analyse the target audience for music magazines.

• Publisher
• Circulation
• Target Audience

The magazine Mojo was initially published by Emap but is now published by Bauer and has been since January. Bauer is a huge publishing company.

Bauer Media's classic rock magazine Mojo had an average monthly circulation of 98,484 in the second half of last year,down 2% year on year but up 0.8% on the previous six months.

The average Mojo reader is 41 years old and is a discerning fan of classic rock.

The Music Industry

L/O: To identify and explain different music genres

List music genres:

• Rock
• Pop
• Rap 
• Street
• Hip Hop
• Heavy metal
• Country
• Western
• Opera
• Electronica
• Grime
• Hollywood
• RnB
• Dance

Rock:
 Rock artists tend to wear black clothes, ripped jeans and t shirts and leather jackets and shirts. They also sometimes have long hair. They are mostly male, like foo fighters. I think rock music singers are very loud, they use heavy guitars and drums. The themes are sometimes about social issues like drugs. Rock singers are mainly male bands so when they do sing about love and relationships, its from a male point of view.

Pop:
Pop artists mainly wear colourful clothing, for women mainly skirts and dresses and curled hair but men are more laid back and just wear like shirts and jeans. Pop artists tend to sing about relationships and most songs sound around the same, they're like a middle speed and the instruments they use are guitars bass and pianos.

Rap:
Rap artists  males wear baggy clothes, gold chains, hats and sunglasses and the women tend to wear more tighter clothes like leggings and shirts.The music is always fast paced. They sing about random stuff from social issues and relationships.

RnB:
RnB  stands of rhythm and blue. The artists are mainly women and mostly wear crop tops, baggy trousers or short outfits. They sometimes sing fast and sometimes normal speed, the songs are quite up beat most the time. They sing about lifestyle or relationships.

Dance:
Dance artists wear a lot of shorts tops and small shorts. The outfits are fairly colourful and vibrant. The music is a variety of speeds and volume and they also sing about a range of subjects.

14/09/17
L/O: To identify and classify audiences.

Rock:

1. Who is the target audience?                                                                                                     Young adults are normally the people that listen to rock like 16-25 year old white causasions. Stereotypically, mostly men like rock music but some women do as well. According to theorists Blumer and Katz, people listen to this type of music for personal identity-feeling like you fit in because you identify with stereotypes.
2. Which magazines and radio stations feature this genre?                                                   Magazines include Classic rock and Kerrang. A Rock radio station for example is planet rock.
3. Photos of Rock bands and links to music videos.

  

Link to Muse video: 

Pop:

1. Who is the target audience?                                                                                                        Mostly teenagers to middle aged adults. Middle class families. Mixed genders listen as the artists go from either Male or Female individuals or groups. In theory, I think that people listen to pop music for either diversion or personal relationships as the songs are usually quite relatable meaning you can use it to get away from everyday life. Its also for personal identity and many people like to imitate their singer idols. 
2. Which magazines and radio stations feature this genre?                                                                 Magazine examples could be billboard or top pops. Pop music is always shown in the top 40s.
3. Photos of Pop bands and singers and links to music videos.

Link to Clean bandit- Symphony


Rap:

1. Who is the target audience?                                                                                                            I think rap music appeals to 15-30 year olds, not too young or old. white middle class are the majority of listeners. 60 and more for males than females. In theory, I think people listen to this type of music for diversion from everyday life and personal identity.
2. Which magazines and radio stations feature his genre? Rap music magazines for example could be Vibe and Source. Radio stations such as hip hop radio play rap music.
3. Photos of Rap artists and links to music videos.

Link to Rap god:

Analysis of moving image

Analysis of Moving Image22/05/17

L/o: To analyse a trailer effectively using the key concepts.

Film: 47 Metres down

Link: https://trailers.apple.com/trailers/independent/47-meters-down/

Genre: The genre is Horror. I can tell this because there is blood and dark waters/ low key lighting and the sharks look vicious and scary. There is also creepy background music.

Types of shot: 

• There is close up shots to really show the fear on the girls faces as they fall down.

• There is the bird eye view to see the sharks underneath the cage. It makes you see                   what the people see when they look down.

• A long shot is used to show the size of the shark compared to the human.

Editing has been used to make to film more exciting. . Near the end of the trailer the camera takes loads of different shots to show everything happening. Its all really quick paced. The setting is all bright at the start and then by the end its all dark.

Sound is used for effect by using diegetic and non diegetic. For most of the trailer there is non diegetic suspenseful music. There is also sounds that the characters will hear but they are emphasised, for example, the sound of the rope snapping.

Mise en scene: I can tell that the characters are scared from their facial expressions. They look quite girly as they are both dressed up at the start of the film, and you can tell that one of the girls didn't want to do it because she had to be persuaded. The setting is quite a hot country and the actual shark trip seems quite dodgy to start with as the boat is quite dirty and the cage is rusty.

Lighting and Colour: The lighting is high key at the start which kind of tricks you into thinking its going to be  a nice film but by the end its very low key lighting to represent the horror genre.  The colours used is mainly red (Blood and lights) and dark blur/Black.

Sound

L/o: To understand how and why sound is used in film.
15/05/17

All sound used in film is known as the soundtrack. It is broken down into the following categories.

• Diegetic sound- As a character in the film you would expect to hear these sounds (people talking,cars outside)
• Non-Diegetic sounds- Anything that the characters wouldn't hear (narration,music)

Task 1:

Diegetic sounds in the film-

• Breathing
• Footsteps
• The fire
• Wings 
• Key in the lock
• Fingers tapping on table
• Eating the fairies
• Standing up
• Swiping the fairies
• Plate on table
• wind

Dialogue: 

Most dialogue is recorded separately and added on afterwards, this is called Audio Dialogue Replacement (ADR)

Foley:

Foley is the reproduction of everyday sounds for use in film-making.

Task 2:

• creaking roof
• swinging bench
• wind
• Glass breaking
• hitting his head
• crashing into wall
• pressing the button
• alien noise
• tree rustling
• sniffing
• things in room moving
• crying
• boy falling
• chair moving

Sound effects:

Task3: Make a list of sound effects needed- 

• Cracking ground
• Gleaming rock
• Everything shaking
• Monster talking and footsteps.
• Laser gun
• Car getting throw up in air
• Freezing ground

Music:

Music used in films is part of the mise-en-scene. It is often used to create an atmosphere, tension, a time or setting.

Silence can also be used for effect.

Editing

MONDAY, 24 APRIL 2017

Editing

24/04/17
L/O: Understand how the editing of different shots can create and change the meaning of a scene or film.

EDITING:

- Editing is selecting, combining and ordering shots to add meaning and continuity.

Elements of editing:

- Cutting

- Transitions

- Pace and Length of the shot

- Rhythm

- CGI (Computer Generated Images) & Animation

Cutting - In joining one shot to another, an editor can use many different cuts.

Cutting on action - (Match on Action) - A cut that follows whatever is happening in the scene.

Cutaway - Use the cutaway to get inside the head of a character, insert shot.

Cross Cutting (Parallel Editing) - Intercuts in-between locations, or two different scenes which are supposed to be happening at the same time. Also used to show whats going on inside the characters head.

Straight Cut - A basic cut from one scene to another with no transitions.

Jump Cut - Several cuts between the same shot. Also used to add a level of urgency. Shows time passing by.

Match Cut (Graphic Match) - Cuts from one shot to a similar shot by matching the action or composition.

Eye line Match - When it cuts between someone looking at something to what they're looking at.

Shot reverse shot - Used to show conversation or dialogue between two or more people.

Transitions -

Fade in / Fade out - Fade in or out to black or white, Suggests time has passed.

Dissolve - Often shows time passing, but normally to connect two scenes.

Wipe - To show it moves between scenes more, theres a definite change of place.

Mise-En-Scene

04/04/17

• Mise-En-Scene is a French term meaning what is put into a scene or frame.
• Visual information in front of a camera.
• Communicates essential information to the audience.
• Made up of five different elements:

1. Setting and Props
2. Costume, Hair and Makeup
3. Facial expressions and Body Language
4. Lighting and Colour
5. Position of Characters and objects within the frame               

Setting and Props:

Setting and Locations play an important part in film making and are not just 'backgrounds'

Sets are either built from scratch or a great deal of time is spent to find a setting which already exists.

Settings can manipulate an audience by building certain expectations and then taking a different turn.

What settings and Props would you find in:

• Sci-fi: Space, Lab, Futuristic weapons, technology
• Romantic comedy:Everyday locations, flowers, room
• Horror: Dark rooms, a weapon

Costume, Hair, Makeup:

Acts as an instant indicate to us of a characters personality.

• Businessman
• Strict
• Boring
• Everything about work
• Could be a lawyer
• Smart

Facial Expressions and Body Language:

Provide a clear indicator of how someone is feeling.

Positioning of characters and objects within a friend:

Lighting and Colour
Can be used to achieve a variety of effects
Types of lighting:

• Low key lighting- deep, distinct shadows/silhouettes are formed (Horror)
• High key lighting-Produce brightly lit sets or a sunny day (Rom Com)

The scene looks like an action film because it has a big boat and loads of people. The location is like a deserted island with a big jungle and loads of rocks. It uses high key lighting as its a sunny day.

This is a scene from Gossip Girl. You can tell just from the costumes with the suits and the nice clothes that they are rich and stylish. Their facial expressions are neutral and give the impression that they are quite serious. The girl on the left looks quite girly with her skirt and her bag and the one in the middle has quite a gothic look. She has a sly smile on her face. The two guys at the end look like business men that are smartly dressed whereas the guy in-between the girls looks like a more laid back character.

The Setting and Props show how wealthy they are, they have a tidy and large home with big windows. The location is the upper east side of New York. The props are expensive, huge bouquets of flowers. The lighting is light which shows its not a horror programme, its a drama.